Mark

Mark Homework

1. What do you see in this book that tells you about the Original Reader?

The book of Mark is not only fast paced, but focuses on the action, works, and power of Jesus. This would certainly fit with the Roman audience for which it was written. The Gospel of Mark was intended to encourage many of the Christians in Rome as they were enduring persecution. They would likely begin to doubt the truth of the gospel of Christ as they were being thrown to the lions, and Peter and Mark wanted to tell them exactly what happened first hand. The book of Mark was one of encouragement and truth for the persecuted believers of Rome.

2. What do you see in this book that tells you about the author?

The gospel of Mark would probably be more accurately named “the Gospel of Peter” as told by Mark. Since Mark worked so closely with Peter, he likely recorded all of these accounts first hand from Peter himself, whom Jesus considered to be one of his closest friends on this earth (9:2). Throughout the speed and action based writing of this book, we can get a feel for the account as Mark would have heard it. It is almost as if he is so excited to get to the next story, that he quickly gets to the point, wasting no words on the one that he is already telling. 

3. What are the main themes and repeated ideas in this book, and what is a one sentence summary of the main idea?

The Gospel of Mark tends to focus on the power and humility of Christ. We see many accounts of Jesus’ miracles and works of power, but we also see a lot into his works of service. We see the climax in this when he says “I came not to be served, but to serve others and to give my life as a ransom for many.” (10:45) Much of the book focuses on the suffering that Jesus endured in his final days. This would have been of great encouragement to the original readers who were themselves going through persecution of many kinds. 

The gospel of Mark tells the story who Jesus is as a person and the suffering that he endured in service in order to encourage those who were going through similar persecution for Christ’s sake in Rome. 

4. What is the primary reason this book was written?

As previously stated, the book of Mark was written primarily to the suffering believers that were in the Roman empire in the time of the early church. Mark was calling them to faith in Jesus, not just belief. He was pushing them deeper into the faith through knowledge of the good works of Christ and the humility that he brought with him even to the cross. (10:42-45)

5. What does this book show about the Character and Nature of God?

As stated before, Mark wanted to display Jesus as the servant that he was. There is one story in particular that really proves this. As Jesus comes back from a long run of ministry, he tells his disciples “let’s go off by ourselves to a quiet place and rest a while.” But many people saw where they were headed and a huge crowd came and gathered before he even got there himself. Yet the next verse says “Jesus saw the huge crowd as he stepped from the boat, and he had compassion on them because they were like sheep without a shepherd.” 

So here’s Jesus, tired and needing some good R&R with his boys. We all have been in this place and all you want to do is run away. But Jesus is a selfless servant, he has compassion on these people, and instead he gives himself over and began teaching all over again.  What an incredible picture of his love and compassion for his children. 

6. What does this book show you about God’s redemptive plan for mankind?

What an incredible climax to God’s redemptive plan for mankind. But one of the things I love is reading the trial of Jesus. He had so many times that he could have gotten out of those trials. Pilate asks Jesus why he wouldn’t respond to all the accusations against him, and to Pilate’s surprise, he remains silent (15:3-5). There was such humility in the heart of Jesus because as excruciating as the next few hours would be, he knew that it needed to be done.

Jesus wanted the redemption of the people so much that while he could have gotten out of it at every turn, he willingly took the cross and the sins of the people as the ultimate sacrifice. 

7. Personal Application

“Your mistake is that you don’t know the scriptures and you don’t know the power of God.” Mark 12:24

While this could easily be used for my point of passion and the American church, it’s really something that has been stirring my heart lately. This is such a deep rooted issue in the church today, and I want to play a part, even just the little one that I can, in changing this. I’ve been so incredibly blessed by this class and by learning to read God’s word. It’s created such a hunger in me and I know I’m barely scratching the surface of what it holds. I can’t wait to go deeper and deeper in my studies. 

But in this, I also want to teach. I feel as if I’ve woken up to something that was right in front of me my entire life. I want to wake others up to it as well. I’d love to bring DBS back home to my friends and family. I’d love to teach our believers in America to love and have a hunger for scripture and to read it properly, not with our own ideas in mind. God please show my what this looks like and how I can bring this back home HUMBLY. Help me to not appear “know it all”, but teach me more in your word. Help me to go deeper in understanding. You said in your parable of the tenants that to he who has, more will be given. I want more! Teach me how to teach your word father!

8. Point of Passion

“The seed on the rocky soil represents those who hear the message and immediately receive it with joy. But since they don’t have deep roots, they don’t last long.” (Mark 4:16)

This is something that hits home with me. Years ago God gave us the word Riza. This is the greek word for Root. He’s given us a vision, a picture really in the roots of trees, but we didn’t know what that looked like or why. We knew what our heart was behind Riza Ministries, but we weren’t sure exactly where God wanted to take it. But now I’m learning more and more how God has had this planned for a long time. 

This is such an apt description for many in the church in America. I actually think it simply comes down to how we think about salvation and evangelism. Often times as a church, we focus on telling people the good news of Christ and cry with excitement as they accept him as their savior. What a beautiful moment!!

 But do we go beyond this?

I would argue that discipleship is the most important “aspect” of evangelism. Being a true disciple means hearing the word of God and obeying it. But if we don’t teach our new brothers and sisters in this, we are essentially rejoicing over a small sprout being produced yet never taking care to let it mature. They won’t have the water and nutrients that they need because they have no roots going forth to bring it. 

Yes evangelism is so important. But what’s key to understand in this passage is that it is not enough. A prayer is not enough. Belief in Jesus is not enough. The plant does not last, it withers away. It does not produce good fruit and a tree is known by it’s fruit. All trees that do not bare good fruit will but cut down and thrown into the fire. So while there’s joy in the sprout, we must work to grow roots in Jesus Christ in which we find living water that never runs dry. 

Matthew

Matthew Homework

1. What do you see in this book that tells you about the Original Reader?

The book of Matthew was written primarily to the Jewish people only a few decades after the ascension of Jesus. The Jewish people had been waiting for hundreds of years for the coming Messiah, the promised one of the prophets. Many of them however, would have had a much more political or militarial idea of how the Messiah would come and reign. Matthew was written to these people who may have had many doubts and questions as to whether Jesus was the Messiah or not. This is why there are countless passages where Matthew explains that “all of this occurred to fulfill the Lord’s message through his prophet...” (1:22)

2. What do you see in this book that tells you about the author?

This gospel was written by Matthew who saw these events first hand as he walked with Jesus. We get an insight into his part of the story in Matthew 9:9-13 where we learn that he was a wealthy tax collector. However, he also seems to be a very humble man as well. He recognized it as grace the way Jesus would choose to eat with the likes of prostitutes and tax collectors (9:13). 

Likewise, as a tax collector, Matthew thought very systematically. We can see this through the structure of his book. It’s very planned out in order to prove his part in the argument. He spells out the prophesies clearly, even down to the uninterrupted line of David (1:1-16). Matthew himself gave up his life of comfort to follow Jesus and he is determined to encourage his Jewish brethren to do the same. 

3. What are the main themes and repeated ideas in this book, and what is a one sentence summary of the main idea?

Through the book of Matthew, the disciple is trying to convince the Jewish people who are unsure about Jesus that He is the one of which every prophesy pointed towards - The Messiah. 

Jesus shook up the people. So many of the things that he said were very controversial to the people of the time, especially when the religious leaders were so corrupt and self righteous. But through the life and preaching of Jesus, we are encouraged that the law was put in place in order to protect the heart of the people (5:17-20). Yes, it was meant to be followed, but the Father looks at the heart. We see this through Jesus thoughts on the Sabbath. In fact, Jesus even refers back to David to prove his point (12:3-8). 

Likewise, Jesus came to bring the Kingdom of God here to earth. He speaks of the Kingdom more than any other subject, portraying it as a treasure found in a field in which you must sell everything in order to gain it (13:44). He tells them how difficult it is for the rich to enter (19:23) and instead , that you must become like a child (19:14). This was completely opposite of what they people had expected. So much so that even his own disciples often had trouble understanding his stories. Yet through it all, Jesus came to give hope to the hopeless, to heal the sick, and to bring the Kingdom of God here on earth. Jesus came not as a military power as expected, but to serve. (20:28) 

4. What is the primary reason this book was written?

The book of Matthew was written to help the Jewish people understand that Jesus was the Messiah that they had been waiting for. They had so many expectations and it certainly would have been confusing. Many of them would have had ideas that were not fulfilled. But Matthew wanted to tell his first hand account and explain the fulfillment of the prophesies so that they would be able to understand the truth about this man. 

5. What does this book show about the Character and Nature of God?

God loves the broken hearted and the poor. As Jesus said “tHealthy people don’t need a doctor- sick people do.” (9:12) What a shock it must have been to see the son of God feasting with tax collectors and spending most of his time among prostitutes. Through Jesus lifestyle, we see that God loves those who the world doesn’t. There are many times where it says that Jesus had compassion on the people, from feeding the four thousand (15:32) to when he heals the sick (14:14). God cares. He lovingly declares “ Come to me all of you who are weary and carry heavy burdens and I will give you rest.” (11:28)

6. What does this book show you about God’s redemptive plan for mankind?

What an incredible book of victory! The Messiah has come! This is the redemption that God has been promising for years through the prophets. God’s desire for his people is so great that he sent his “dearly loved Son, who brings me great joy.” (3:17) and sacrificed him for the sin of the people (27:45-46). And perhaps in the greatest moment that we have yet to read, perhaps in the entire Bible, the curtain in the temple is torn in two!! ( 27:50-51) It was beautiful redemption of his people. 

7. Personal Application

“That is why I tell you not to worry about every day life- whether you have enough food or drink, or enough clothes to wear... Look at the birds. They don’t plant or harvest or store food in barns, for your heavenly father feeds them. And aren’t you far more valuable to Him than they are? ... And if God cares so wonderfully for wildflowers that are here today and thrown into the fire tomorrow, he will certainly care for you. Why do you have so little faith?” Matthew 6

You know, you can read this passage over and over and over again. And you can believe it, absolutely know that it is true. I even had my own words repeated back to me this week as encouragement from my best friend. “Money is such a small thing for God.” “You taught me that God wants his people to rely on him and if I had a million dollars in my bank account, I wouldn’t rely on him nearly as much.” And I know this is true because I know my God and I know that he is good and will take care of his children. But this is such a tremendous struggle for me. This week especially has been extremely stressful financially. I honestly don’t know what we’re going to do when we get home. And the funny thing is that I know God’s going to take care of it. I’m sure of it. But I’ve never related so much to the centurion in Mark 9:24 when he says “I do believe, but help me overcome my unbelief!” Go ahead and listen to any sermon on this phrase. Study it and pray about it, but until you actually have that moment, you won’t understand it fully. I see that now that I’m in it full on. But the beautiful thing is that even through this, Jesus does what the centurion asks of him. God is faithful, even when we struggle with faith ourselves. 

God I know that what you say is true. I know you. I know my Heavenly Father who loves me and cares for me and wants to provide for me. I know that you are so good. But Father help my unbelief. Help my worry. I want more than just belief, I want trust in who you say you are. I want to be rid of this pit of anxiety in the bottom of my stomach, no matter what our bank account says. Teach me to be a good steward and to be wise, but to live by faith through my finances. 

8. Point of Passion

The Church in America

I just want to start this with a disclaimer for anyone who actually reads this thing. I’m changing my point of passion. Well... God is. And he’s not really changing it, he’s just helping me to understand. When we began, I really had no idea what my point of passion was (I actually think I did know, but I didn’t want to accept it) so I just picked one that I thought would be relevant in my future, and I know I profited from it. I hope others did as well.

But through this journey of reading God’s word, I’ve actually discovered what my true point of passion is - The Church in America. This is the fire in my bones. In fact, I see now that I’ve been reading the Word of God with much of this in mind anyway. There are notes all over my Bible. But I was so scared to ever tackle such a huge mountain of rubble as this that I decided to get as far away from it as I could. God didn’t like that very much. Much like Jonah, I assumed he was somewhat territorial and my heartache for the state of the American church would just leave as I left. And much like Jonah, I was very wrong. 

So while I do quite know exactly what this looks like for me in the years to come, I’m going to take the first simple step. Abide in him. And this starts with Scripture. 

“Not everyone who calls out to me ‘Lord! Lord!’ will enter the kingdom of Heaven. Only those who actually do the will of my Father in Heaven will enter.” ( Matthew 7:21)

This might be a tough verse to swallow, especially in America. So many of our “Christian percentage” claim to know Christ, to simply say the prayer (check!) go to church each week (check!) and pray over our meals with our kids (check!) and assume that this is fire insurance. And many people I’m sure are in fact good hearted people! However... This is what it comes down to. Are you stepping out in faith and doing the will of the Father? 

Let me clarify: this does not mean that every person in the church needs to pack up and move to Uganda (although for some of you this may be the case) but this does involve more than an occasional prayer when you need help. In fact, let’s begin with prayer for I believe this is one of the root issues with the church as an institute in our nation. We lack true, honest, heart wrenching prayer. How are we supposed to even know the will of God unless we seek him daily in prayer? Prayer is not meant to be a quick slot machine run where you need God’s help. In order to know the will of God, we must spend time listening to him speak to learn what this might be.

But it’s so easy to get caught up in our own routines and work schedules that we never even step out to learn the will of God for the day. Yes- this should be sought daily. By the minute, by the second in our lives. God, how would you have me handle this insanely rude cashier at Wendy’s? Father, I am heart broken over my neighbors loss, what can I do? It is even in the little things that this can be sought after.

Likewise, how are we to know how to seek his will without first knowing who our Father in Heaven is? Yes, spend time in prayer, learn his voice, but it begins in his word. We must be founded in scripture to learn the heart of our Father and then walk in it. Scripture- the Good News of Truth and Love- must be our foundation. 

So yes, this might not be easy to take. But I daresay that there will be many in our churches today who “on judgement day will say to me, ‘Lord! Lord, we prophesied in your name and cast out demons in your name and performed many miracles in your name!’ But I will reply ‘I never knew you.’” (Matthew 7:22)

We must break away from our checklist mindset of what is “good enough” and begin walking in the will of the Lord. Jesus encourages us saying “Take my yoke upon you, because I am humble and gentle at heart and you will find rest for your souls.” (Matthew 11:29) But this can only begin with total abandonment to the will of God. We have the promise that He will walk with us. But to be a true disciple is to hear the word of the Lord and to obey. Not just to hear and think it’s true. 

Malachi

Malachi Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

The book of Malachi was written to the Israelites after they had been out of exile for some time. The temple and walls have been rebuilt and they were beginning to fall back into ritualistic faith. They have fallen into sacrificing their worst animals (1:7) and adultery (2:14). They began to give God just half of their heart thinking that it would be enough as long as they continued in the routine. But through the very unique question and answer format, God was encouraging them to not back down and to continue on because he has good things in store for them. (4:2)

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

Through this book, we really get a glimpse of God’s passion for his people. It begins with him saying “I have always loved you.” Followed quickly by “Really? How have you loved us?” (1:2) What an incredible and faithful God to love and seek after his people even when they don’t see it and except it. He is jealous, just, and merciful to his people. He promises redemption and hope for the future in the form of the Messiah! (3:2-4)

3.  Application

God hates divorce (2:16). He says it so clearly. Marriage is meant to be a picture of God’s relationship with his people. That’s why he has commandments against marriage among nation and about adultery. We make a vow before God and he see's it. (4:14) God calls out to his people and says “guard your heart; do not be unfaithful to your wife!” (2:16) Yet the divorce rate among the church is just as high as unbelievers. There is little value on family and purity. This should not be among the church. 

Zecheriah

Zechariah Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

Zechariah was contemporary to Haggai, Ezra, and Nehemiah who were all working to reestablish the people as they were coming out of exile in Babylon (1:1). The people had come out of 70 years with no king and no identity. It was not as easy as it seemed since they were having to rebuild everything from the ground up. Yet even in the midst if discouragement and fear of the unknown, they found themselves with a fresh start.  

God wanted them to know who they were. They were very vulnerable and God wanted to encourage them that he is always with them (1:14-15). He takes these people that he had banished to exile for their sins, the same people that he described as prostituting themselves to the nations and gods around them, and he declares them a holy city (8:3). He speaks of peace and joy within the city and for destruction that comes to those who come against them (1:21). It is redemption. 

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

“See, I have taken away your sins and now I am giving you all these fine new clothes.” (3:4)

God is so faithful. He’s such a good God that loves his people so deeply . Even after all the depravity that they feel so deeply into, God welcomes them back in joy! (8:3) He’s proud of them once again and longs to dwell among them (8:12). But this isn’t there end. There are promises for a kingdom of peace. All throughout Zechariah, we see hints and prophesies of the coming Messiah (3:8). He’s on his way!

3. Point of Passion

What a beautiful picture of a lost child coming home! God’s patience and faithfulness towards his people should be so admired and imitated as parents! Even to a prostitute, adulterous nation, he welcomes them back to himself. Kids may stray so far that we cannot comprehend the depth of being lost. But if they come back with repentant hearts, we must model ourselves as parents after the Lord God himself who not only welcomed and forgave, but promises to restore and protect. 

Esther

Esther Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

Esther is a real life fairy tale like we’ve never known. The book of Esther, author unknown but most likely jewish, was written in the time when the Jews had come out of exile, although many chose to remain in Persia (1:1). They people who remained were burdened with the idea that the Lord was no longer with them. Many of them felt abandoned by God. Although God is not actually mentioned in the book of Esther, he can be seen all throughout this tale. It begins by portraying the brutality of the persian king and through this (1:22), God creates circumstances to arrange his people where he wants them to be.  We see his favor still remains on His people and he will take care of them. 

We can easily see the hand of God in the lives of both Mordecai and Esther. Mordecai sums up the message of this book as he encourages a fearful Esther to come before the king in order to save the lives of her people that are headed for slaughter (4:7-9). Yes, it might be dangerous, but “who knows if perhaps you were made queen for such a time as this?” (4:14)In the midst of fear and with the lives of her people on the line, her cousin reminds her that the Lord is still sovereign and he still protects his people (4:14). He knows what he is doing and it’s her decision whether or not she will act on it. And then we get a glimpse into the humble and selfless character of Esther as she submits and declares “I will go in and see the king. If I must die, I must die.” (4:16)

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

Through the book of Esther, God is showing his favor and faithfulness to the people (9:1-10). He is protective over them, even in exile. And over all, God is sovereign over all the kingdoms and powers of the world (10:3). He will fight for his people. The people are able to look at Esther as they celebrate Purim, and remember that God is good and his great mercy endures forever. 

3. Application

I love fairy tales. I love Disney, probably more than any grown woman should. (Although I’m certainly not ashamed!) And it was so exciting to read Esther. She’s a strong, brave, young girl that is put into an incredibly mature situation. But the hero of the story is so clearly God. He’s the hero, the one that saves, and when it came down to it Esther just had to listen and obey. 

What an incredible fairy tale we are all in! And we can choose our own part. Will you be the heroin, not always prissy princess, or will the be the one who opposes the King and hero of our story? As for me, I want to think like Esther. “I’m on your side God, I’m going to do what you say, and if I die, I die!!”

Nehemiah

Nehemiah Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

Nehemiah was written along side with Ezra as the people were coming out of exile and returning to their homeland. When they arrived, they realized that their city was in ruins and needed to be rebuilt. It was demoralizing (1:3). They no longer knew who they were or if God was with them. They were very vulnerable. And so God raised up a leader, Nehemiah, to rebuild the city walls and instill the people with hope and determination once again. (1:10-11)

Nehemiah was a humble leader who balanced trusting in the Lord and prayer with practical means of rebuilding (4:13). Even in the face of opposition, they never stopped building. In fact, Nehemiah notes that “They were just trying to intimidate us, imagining they could discourage us and stop the work. So I continued to work with even greater determination.” (6:9) It is said that the men built with one hand on their swords and the other with their tools. All the while he encouraged the people “Don’t be afraid of the enemy! Remember the Lord who is great and glorious!” ( 4:14) He lead the people with God’s values and adjusted their views when he saw them leaning back towards their own pagan ways. 

And finally when the walls were rebuilt, Nehemiah gathered the people together in order to read scripture and build their foundation upon the Lord (7:73-8:1). They clearly spoke out what is righteous and what is sin and God’s great mercy and faithfulness in it all (9:19). Then as a people, Ezra and Nehemiah lead them in an oath before the Lord. (10:30-39)

Nehemiah was written to the people as a reminder of who they are. They were dejected and having to start from scratch. The Lord sent them a leader in order to bring redemption and a fresh start. (8:10) He was building a foundation based on God. 

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

God is faithful and can be trusted. Through the exile, through the sin and depravity, the Lord made a promise and he was faithful to it. He even provided them with leaders that would continue to push forward. “And you have done what you have promised, for you are always true to your word.” (9:8) This is something that the people are learning to stand on. There were so many promises made for the future through the other prophets at this time. Promises of an ever lasting kingdom and a prince of peace who will reign forever. It was important for the people to be able to look back and see that the Lord is faithful! He’s so faithful to finish what he says. This was something worth standing on. For he is “a God of forgiveness, gracious and merciful, slow to become angry, and rich in unfailing love.” (9:17)

3. Application

I loved reading about Nehemiah’s leadership. It’s something that I would like to study more deeply and pray into. He trusted fully in the Lord, interceded, saw the sin of the people and asked for mercy, led them in repentance, and instilled them with hope. Yet he also did what was practical to protect the people. It’s easy as a leader to become prideful in your position or to even stray from God within the pressures of “what’s right” by the view of the world and the people. But Nehemiah didn’t. He lead through the eyes of the Lord and this is something that we should all model ourselves after. 

4. Point of Passion

In the same idea as application, these same leadership points can be replicated as parents. It is essential to build a foundation solely on the Lord in our children, to pray for them and intercede for them, to lead them in repentance and to proclaim hope and promise in their lives. We must parent through the eyes of the Lord, knowing that our children are not our own. They are God’s first and foremost. 

Ezra

Ezra Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

Ezra was written (most likely by Ezra) to the people of Israel right after they had come out of Exile. (1:1) They were coming out of Babylon both hopeful and vulnerable. This was unknown territory. But God wanted to remind his people that they still have favor with Him! After 70 years in Babylon, God had stirred the heart of the Persian King Cyrus to not only allow them out of exile and back to their own land, but he funded the rebuilding of their temple out of their own treasury (1:2-4). Many tried to stop the progress. There were many decrees sent out as an attempt to get them to stop (4:11-22), but God’s favored remained until completion. 

This gave them hope (3:4-6). They all came together, giving whatever was needed to rebuild the temple as it is meant to be (1:4). However, it did not take long for them to fall into their old practices and begin marrying outside of their beliefs (9:1-2). Ezra immediately confronts, and instead of years past when they were lash out at the prophet, the people choose to repent and turn back to the Lord (10:17). Such a moment of victory for the people. 

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

This is a huge step for the people! God is so good and so faithful to bring them out of exile. Yet in their vulnerability, he anted to prove to them that he is indeed sovereign and is watching over them (5:5). The people likely would have been unsure of God’s character but he was wanting to reestablish who he was. And through it, the people see his loving kindness, his faithfulness, and his longing to dwell among them (9:13). The being walking towards the redemption that he has promised. 

3. Application 

“This was because Ezra was determined to study and obey the law of the Lord and to teach these decrees to the people of Israel.” (7:10)

This is my heart cry. This is what I want to do. It’s so basic, but so so so important to the kingdom of God. It all comes down to his word. Not the latest greatest book by the latest greatest author. It’s the Bible. We take it for granted. But if we were to all devoted ourselves to knowing it intimately, obeying it every day, and teaching it to others who will do the same, think of where we’d be.

4. Point of Passion

God establishes rules for a reason. He clearly tells the people to not enter into marriage with the other nations around them. This is why it is such a heartbreaking moment for Ezra when he realizes that just moments after coming out of exile, this command has already been broken. But we know that God set this in place to protect the people. This was the down fall of Solomon. 

While it is not interracial marriage that we need to stay away from today, it’s marriage within religion. God sets this standard very clearly in order that there is unity. Marriage is supposed to be one heart and one mind centered and based on the Lord. If there are other opinions of religion, this cane never happen. And this only gets trickier with children. 

Daniel

Daniel Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

Daniel was written to the people that were taken to exile under Babylon and were actually preparing to come out. Daniel himself was exiled as a young boy and was chosen among other young boys to serve in the palace of the king (1:3&6). Many of the people at the time viewed their exile as a sign that the Lord was losing in battle to the Babylonian gods. But God wanted to prove that He was more powerful than the nations of the world. 

Daniel, the author, was mostly likely the best Old Testament example of what it means to be in the world, but not of it. From the very beginning when he established his diet (1:12-16), to being thrown into a den of Lions (6:16-22), Daniel never strayed from his convictions and the Law of the Lord. In turn, he found favor with the Lord and the rulers of Babylon (1:19-20). He became an incredible influence without having to compromise his beliefs. This was an incredible example for the people of Israel as they were living among the Babylonians and Persians. 

Daniel is a very political book. Through his visions and dreams, as wells as some visions of others, the reader gets a look into many of the kingdoms (8:18-22). However, it is not only insight to the present circumstances, but visions of future kingdoms as well (Chapters 11-12). The people are able to see that God is more powerful than any human kingdom or power on the planet. He has control of all. 

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

God proves himself to be so faithful through the book of Daniel. With stories like the fiery furnace (Chapter 4) and the lions den (Chapter 6), God remains faithful to those who rely on him. He even grants favor to the point of giving them high rank and influence over the nation (5:29). Yet in the same way, he is still the sovereign Lord and he will humble the proud. Just look at Nebuchadnezzar. (Chapter 4) He desires a humble heart in his leaders and he will do what needs to be done in order to get it. Nebuchadnezzar, fearsome, pagan king of Babylon exclaims of the Lord “His rule is everlasting and his kingdom is eternal!” (4:34)

But perhaps one of the greatest pictures of hope for the people at this time was the promise of an everlasting kingdom (7:14). Through all the political turmoil, through the exile and the destruction of their city, and despite the rise of national superpowers, God is still sovereign and he promises a city that will last through the ages. What an incredible and exciting promise!

3. Application

I loved Daniel. I loved who he was as a person. He was so uncompromising in his beliefs, so strong. But when you actually break it down and look at him, he becomes much more human than you might think. In fact, Daniel faints twice because of visions he sees! God doesn’t say that he answers Daniel’s prayers because he was so persistent or said all the right words. God listened to Daniel because he said he was PRECIOUS to him (10:19). Everything Daniel did was step by step, day by day with God. What an incredible picture and example that is set for us!

God entrusts us with the little things. He wants us to be uncompromising in who we are in him and it’s through these little decisions that God can trust us with the bigger things. Personally, it’s so hard for me to not always be looking for the big things in my life. “God what’s the point of my life, what can I do for you, what will my legacy be?” When really God is saying “Hey, think you can come meet with me today?” Step by step, day by day, just walk with God. 

Ezekiel

Ezekiel Homework 

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

Ezekiel was a prophet from the family of high priests (1:2-3). He was sent into exile in the first wave of the babylonian take over 1:2), and it was there that he prophesied. Instead of speaking to the people in Jerusalem like his prophetic counterpart Jeremiah, he was speaking directly to those in exile. Throughout the book, we seen some rather strange images that are meant to exhibit the glory of God in ways that Ezekiel himself had trouble describing. There are many enacted symbols that Ezekiel exemplified to show who God is. There is much depth to each detail within these images, but it is most important to know why these images were given. 

The people in exile had many false mindsets that were holding them back. They put the Lord in a box with many of the pagan gods that they worship and did not understand how they had came to exile in the first place. They were caught in a cycle of assuming that just like their ancestors in Egypt, they would be sent another Moses to redeem them. And in the same way, they figured their exile was a sign that God was losing to the other gods in which he was in battle. They had depended for so long on their “magic charms” - The Temple and Covenants- so all of this was sure to be a mistake by God. (Chapter 18)

Ezekiel was written to show them who God was and why they were there. Every enacted symbol, every mystical, indescribable vision was  so “they shall know that I am the Lord.” (7:4) Through it all, God still hope to bring his people back to him. Yes, he is a jealous God and will not stand for the despicable idol worship (8:5), but his priority is that his people will know him, repent of their ways and return. 

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

The majority of Ezekiel’s prophesies were meant to show the people who he was. There were many false prophets at the time, as well as the pagan mindset that enthralled the people. But the Lord shows them that He is indeed not stuck within the walls of the temple. He is on the move. (Chapter 1) He is glorious, of high glory and wonder than any of the other gods that they’ve known. He is jealous. Idol worship will not be tolerated. (Chapter 8) However it is the same God that is bringing this judgement that not only longs for mercy, but has a plan for redemption. We see this even in his restoration and plans for the temple in the final chapters (40-48). He reestablishes who he is and promise that they will not be in exile forever. (34:11-16)

3. Point of Passion

We certainly see God’s heart as a husband, married to these people who have betrayed him. We see it in the story of Hosea, but we see it once again in the story of Ezekiel. The language used to describe the depths of prostitution of his bride is extremely graphic and gruesome. “Prostitutes charge for their services, but not you! You give gifts to your lovers, bribing them to come have sex with you.” (16:33) In reading this, we not only understand his need for judgement, but possibly even want to see it happen. It is deserved. But while the Lord has every right to judge the people as he does, his heart still longs to draw them back to themselves. 

This is something that is hard for us to grasp as human beings. It’s hard for us to grasp within a family. To have a wife that would freely prostitute herself out among multitudes of men would be heart break, but it is our call within our families to not only forgive, but to long for restoration. Our minds quickly go to punishment and restitution- but this should not be our heart. If the God of the universe can seek redemption and mercy for his prostituting creation, how much more should we seek to love and forgive and heal our broken families?

Jeremiah and Lamentations

Jeremiah and Lamentations Homework 

1. What do you see in this book that tells you about the Original Reader?

When reading the prophets it is important to note that there are two original audiences: the people that heard it as it was being proclaimed and those that read it after it had been compiled. Jeremiah’s prophesies spanned about 40 years and over the time of five kings, so it is important to consider both. 

Jeremiah prophesied from Josiah’s reign over Judah until the exile to Babylon, about 627-560 BC. When Jeremiah began prophesying during Josiah’s reign, the people were going through a spiritual reform, only perhaps simply on the surface and in appearance. Through the years the people began to decline and fall back into the depths of their idol worship. As they heard Jeremiah’s message, they scoffed simply because the depths of their depravity made them feel as if their idol worship wasn’t even sin any more (36:23-24). Nothing was heard and they even tried to kill him (37:15-16). 

For this reason, the prophesies of Jeremiah were documented (30:2-3). The people in exile needed to be able and look back upon the warnings and their sins. They would have been asking questions and would be in fear of losing their identity. So God wrote it out good and plain for them to remember.

2. What do you see in this book that tells you about the author?

Jeremiah was young when he was first called (1:6) and came from a city of priests (1:1). His exact age is unknown, but we know that you must be 30 to enter into your priestly duties. Whether or not God called him before this is uncertain. However, we get a tremendous look into the character of Jeremiah through this book.

Much like Moses, Jeremiah did not feel qualified for this calling (1:6). But we see God reach out his own hand in comfort to encourage Jeremiah in his call (1:9-10). I think God knew that this was a very important moment for him- the call on Jeremiah was going to be severely difficult. Jeremiah needed that personal touch by God to look back on and remember, to know he was sent by the Lord. God was saying “Jeremiah I’ve planned this for a long time. I planned on you for a long time. I’ve called you and put my own words in your mouth, but you need to be ready cause no one is going to listen. It’s going to be you against the world, but you will walk in my strength. I’ve brought you to this place and I’m going to walk with you.” (1:4-19)

Jeremiah endures more than one man ever should in a lifetime. He gives up family, modesty, and any social standings he might have had to proclaim the Lord’s destruction and be hated by all (37:15- 38:6) . Yet deep within his heart, Jeremiah takes the burden of his people upon himself. We see through the book of Lamentations the true heart break that comes with the fall and blackened hearts of Judah (Lam 3:48). In proclaiming the heart of God to the people, Jeremiah in turn takes it upon himself and grieves as the Lord grieves. (2:13) 

3. What are the main themes and repeated ideas in this book, and what is a one sentence summary of the main idea?

God was warning his people through every king and at every chance they had, to turn from their sins. The Lord speaks out against sexually immorality (5:7-9), social injustice (5:26-29), and two facedness (9:4-9). He speaks against false prophets and those who promise peace where there is none (8:10-12). He speaks against their fake pretenses in their walk with Him (3:6-11) and most of all, their deep disgusting idol worship (7:31-32, 19:5). The book of Jeremiah is warning after warning for the people to mend their ways, turn to God, and he will invite them in with open arms. 

Jeremiah is a book of the Lord’s warning, judgement, and chance of mercy that was forsaken and traded away for sin, leading the people into destruction in the end.

4. What is the primary reason this book was written?

We actually get the rare chance to see exactly when and why the book was written within the text (36:2-3). The original reader would have been the people of Judah after they had fallen into exile in Babylon.They were now able to read each of Jeremiah’s prophesies and perhaps would have realized two things. The first would show them what went wrong. They were able to look and see the sin, where they rejected the Lord, and to turn back. There was no excuse for them anymore - it’s documented perfectly for them right in that book. Secondly, it would instill not only grief, but hope for the people. All of the prophesies of destruction came true exactly as it was proclaim, therefore they could trust in the prophesy of hope as well (33:10-11). They will be lead out of exile.

God was wanting to keep the people from losing their identity through this exile much like they did in Egypt. He wanted them to know their story of how they got to this place through disowning the Lord. However, they are also reminded of how he had offered mercy and still does. 

5. What does this book show about the Character and Nature of God?

God is so personal. He’s so personal in the way he calls Jeremiah because he knows that he is going to need that (1:4-8). Through the journey, Jeremiah is so open with God about his frustrations and hardships (20:18) and the Lord is there to walk him through it. He is quick to tell him “I told you this would happen, but you HAVE to be strong.” (11:18-12:6)

Through the book of Jeremiah, we see so clearly that God is just. It’s easy to look at this book and wonder why God would bring so much destruction on his own people, but we must understand that this is his nature and character (9:4-9). It is the people themselves that brought it upon them. Because like his nature to be just, God’s character is that he is good (31:20). He offered mercy and hope and redemption. That was Jeremiah’s purpose. Turn back from your sin and God will redeem his people! But they refused. Peace and sin cannot dwell among each other. God is just and God is good. There is no separating these from each other. 

6. What does this book show you about God’s redemptive plan for mankind?

All throughout Jeremiah, we read of the deep deep depravity of the people. They are sinning in every way possible, even sacrificing their children to Molech. God himself says that these thoughts never even entered his mind. It is for this reason that God MUST bring judgement. It’s his nature. Yet through it all, he longs for mercy. God promises that this is not the end for his people and that they will be brought out of exile to flourish if only they will turn towards Him. (31:31-34) He says “ Is not Israel still my son, my darling child? I often have to punish him, but I still love him. That’s why I long for him and surly will have mercy on him.” (31:20)

7. Personal Application

Was Jeremiah Successful?

This question and discussion in class meant so much to me. In the people’s eyes at the time, he wasn’t. In our modern day eyes, we wouldn’t think so either. But to God, he was. Jeremiah suffered long and hard. The people didn’t listen, instead they tried to kill him in any way they could. Yet he persevered for one reason. 

He was devoted to God. 

And for his obedience, God is so proud of him. He was put in place for a purpose - to act as a warning for the people of Judah and he obeyed God in every way that he was commanded. This is success. 

Being here in Kona has shaken me in ways I can’t describe. We though that it was going to be our jumping off point for our ministry, but now we know that after this, it’s time to go home and reevaluate so many things. And that’s ok. That’s God’s plan. He’s shown us so many things, changed many perspectives, changed priorities. He’s shaken us up and brought us closer through the process. Yet I feel so weak. I feel like weakest I’ve ever been. And in times it’s as if God has been the most distant that I’ve ever felt. That’s not supposed to be the way things are here- at least, not what we expected.

I think about going home to our supporters. We had such high hopes for when we left in September. And people had high hopes for us. We’re ok with where we are, but will everyone back home? Or will they look at us as failures for even being home and wonder what their money went to?

My dad sent me a quote this week. It said “ When God calls you somewhere, he often leads you to do something in that place far different than your plan.” My response was “Can I get an Amen?”

“But my prayer God, is that you give me strength in the fact that YOU see us as successful because there was so much that you wanted to teach us in this time. I know that in others eyes we may not be seen that way. Not everyone, but some. And that’s hard for me to consider. But let me stand firm, like Jeremiah, in knowing that you see us as obedient. And God... It would be so great to have that picture like Jeremiah when you called him. To be able to look back at that moment to hold on to to know that we’re in the right place. I am envious of that... But through it all, through the struggle and hard times, even through persecution if that comes, let us stand firm in knowing that you are good and you are for us. And like the people, when we stray, you’re happy and ready to bring us back when we turn back to you.”

8. Point of Passion 

Once again we see such a picture of God’s heart as a father for his children and this is what should be modeled in the family today. In Jeremiah 31:20&22, God says “Is not Israel still my son, my darling child? I often have to punish him, but I still love him. That’s why I long for him and surely will have mercy on him... How long will you wander my wayward daughter? For the Lord will cause something new to happen- Israel will embrace her God.” 

What an incredible image and picture of our love for our children. How far is too far? What is the line that is crossed where our forgiveness and love will not reach? Or should it be modeled after the Lord? Through every detestable act, although he did not relinquish justice, he also provided and welcomed mercy and repentance. It’s never too much to forgive when true repentance takes place. However, discipline must be ensued as well. It’s a balance that can be found only in looking towards the character of our Heavenly Father. 

Zephaniah

Zephaniah Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

Zephaniah was written during the reign of Josiah when all may have appeared to be going on the uprise within Judah. He was leading the people in a spiritual reformation, although only surface deep. The leaders among the people had fallen deeply into corruption. There was injustice upon the poor and the needy and it was the majority of the religious rulers that were the cause (3:3). There was even idol worship among them and they were falling deeper and deeper into it. (1:5)  Zephaniah was calling the people to judgment, yet still instilling hope for the poor and needy of Judah. 

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

Even when there is no other good, when those who are supposed to fight for you stand idol, God is still good. He is the defender of the poor even when those in power do nothing. (3:4-5) God does not stand for injustice and abuse of power over the needy. (3:11) He promises that if they people turn back and reform their ways, he will continue to dwell among them (3:15). He wants to be with his people and to draw them out of their sins! (3:20). While he is just, he always desires mercy. 

Haggai

Haggai Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

Haggai prophesied during very specific times in a four month period to Judah. He was speaking towards the governor and high priest of the newly established Jerusalem (1:1). Just a few years before, Cyrus had allowed many of the people to return to Judah and they were beginning to rebuild the city. However, their focus was on the rest of the town and they were ignoring the temple (1:4-5). Haggai is written and proclaimed like a nudge to the people to keep their priorities straight within this new beginning. They were encouraged to focus on rebuilding the temple first and foremost so that the Lord may dwell among them. (1:7) And the people listened! (1:12)

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

In Haggai, the Lord has a much softer tone compared to the rest of the prophets. They had just endured the destruction of the city and spent years in exile. But after being humbled, the Lord gives them hope by allowing them out of exile. In this book we see a stern yet tender heart of God (1:2:1-5). He still desires to dwell among them and he does not want to see them stray away as before (1:8). He knows that a lesson has been taught to the people and he wants to remind them to walk in it. So he reminds them and continues to walk with them. It’s very hopeful (2:6-9). 

Obadiah

Obadiah Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

The book of Obadiah was written just after the invasion of the Babylonians in Judah. They have had a long term feud with the Edomites who were the decedents of Esau, and therefore relatives of the people. Even as the Babylonians where invading the people, the Edomites were going in and pillaging the land, even turning many of the escaping people over to Babylon (1:11). The people of Judah saw them as despicable enemies and wanted vengeance.

However, the book of Obadiah shows how God is still going to fight for his people and take vengeance himself. It even gives off a “big brother vibe” in the way God speaks of tearing them down even though they see themselves as strong. (1:4 )God promises great destruction but makes its very clear as to why. “Because of the violence that you did to your close relatives in Israel, you will be filled with shame and destroyed forever.” (1:10) And then he puts the cherry on top by proclaiming that “...Jerusalem will rule over the mountains of Israel and the Lord himself will be king!”

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

God stands up for his people and for justice! He clearly states his reasons for the destruction that is brought on the Edomites (1:10-14) and it is within his power to execute justice. However, for the original reader, they get a great glimpse of the God that is in support of them. He is on their side (1:15-16). And although they are being led into exile, he is still with them and wants to bring redemption.

3. Application

I loved reading this. I totally see a Father heart through it. You have a kid that is in serious trouble, yet in the middle of your punishment on them, their brother walks up and joins in pridefully. But you see the dad rise up and say “Hey I’m gonna do what needs to be done here, but that gives you no right to come and pile it on with your brother. You’re even worse and I’ll deal with you when I’m done here. And you’re gonna wish you had gotten their punishment when its said and done.”

I like knowing that that’s the God on my side. That that’s my dad. I make mistakes more often than I don’t and God often has to humble me because I’m very headstrong. But I like knowing that even in all that, he’s got my back against those who may be plotting against me. It’s not up to me to defend myself. I have my own defender and he’s much bigger than anyone else. 

Habakkuk

Habakkuk Homework 

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

Habakkuk is a very unique book that is written during the time of Jehoiakim’s rule over Judah. He was a very wicked king and the people were immersed in pagan practices and sin. Yet instead of proclaiming to the people, Habakkuk comes before God asking why he would let such sin run rampant through his people (1:2-4). God answers this clearly by saying that he will not simply let it run it’s course, but he has a plan to bring destruction on the people (1:5-11). In response to this, Habakkuk wonders why the Lord would be so quick to completely wipe out his people by the hand of pagan people (1:12-2:1). But God finally answers by declaring that judgement will fall on Babylon as well (2:2-20).

Through this conversation, Habakkuk falls back into awe and wonder at God’s might (3:1-19). It’s as though these questions that he brought before God were not simply of himself, but all the righteous in the nation. God was answering for his people so that they would understand that he is indeed still in control. It was comforting for them to know. God was instilling a fear of the Lord into Habakkuk and therefore the people of Judah.  

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

God is Sovereign and God is personal (3:17-19). He’s still there, watching out for what is best for his people even when it seems like he is sitting idle. And in the midst of this, we see a picture of his great mercy and redemption in bringing judgment on Babylon as well (2:6). Even in their destruction, he will bring justice on the people that rise against Judah in their pride. His power and might are proclaimed over all the earth! (3:8-11)

3. Application

I loved reading Habakkuk because I absolutely related to the writing style. I know that that’s kind of weird, butI feel like my conversations with God go very similarly. I hear the voice of God best when I have a pen in my hand and as I’m writing, you can literally see a conversation between two people. My questions and his answers. So this was a very cool book to read and relate too. Often it seems like we can’t bring our questions before the Lord. That it would be disrespectful or not trusting him to wonder why we’re missing him or what he’s doing. But He met Habakkuk. He gave him answers. And in turn, this brought Habakkuk back to his knees in prayer. This is how the Lord speaks in my life and I am comforted to know that I can come to him with anything. 

Micah

Micah Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

Micah is a self titled prophesy that is written somewhat different than the others of his time. Instead of judgement being the forefront of the book and ending with God’s hope for his people, the promise of hope is intermingled with the judgement. This differed greatly from the prophesies of Isaiah who was his counterpart. Both prophesied during the time of Hezekiah (1:1). Micah was warning the people of the coming judgement of the Lord because they abandoned His laws (4:12). They were in an important time as they watched Israel go into exile and now the decision was presented before Judah. Micah lays it out very clearly. If you turn to the Lord and abandon your idol worship, you will be blessed (6:8). But continue on in your wicked ways and it will bring judgement (2:3). Yet Micah is quick to add that it is not forever (2:12-13). God will not abandon his people to exile. He is faithful to the righteous. (2:7)

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

Micah is a book that displays both God’s judgement on his people in his great justice, and his mercy for those who walk with him. Basically, you want to pick sides with the Lord. There is great promise for those who walk humbly with Him. He says in 2:7 “If you would do what is right, you would find my words comforting.” But even in the midst of destruction, God brings out his remnant and vows to protect them. (5:7) He will still see his plan for redemption through to the end, even in the justice that he must bring and he will give them strength. This is all for his glory alone. (4:6-7) 

3. Point of Passion

I love that Micah presents a very clear picture for the people.

1. You trust God and follow in his laws and you will be blessed.
2. You abandon his laws and walk in wickedness and it will bring destruction. 

I think about so many kids that I see raised in Christian homes that fight for rebellion and “freedom.” Honestly, it makes me nervous when I think about raising kids. But sometimes I really think that you can’t over rule them or force them into decisions. You can’t coach them all through life on where to put their hope. Sometimes you just have to step back and say “Ok. You have two options. Follow the Lord and live a life with meaning and purpose and promise. Or walk away towards ultimately destruction.” This is a hard thought. But that’s why it’s important to talk about Jesus and who he is, but to let the kids discover him and be romanced by him on their own as well. Otherwise it becomes their parents beliefs and not their own. 

Hosea

Hosea Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

Hosea was a prophet during the last six kings of Israel before they fell to the Assyrians (1:1). Hosea was very unique in the fact that God used his entire life as a picture of the Lord’s relationship with his people. In chapter 1 verse 2, God tells Hosea to go and marry a prostitute and even allows her to conceive and give birth outside of that marriage. Through this picture, the reader is given a very relatable picture to the heart of God as he people prostitute themselves to other gods. This might be a new concept for teh original reader. Many of the prophets at the time are proclaiming woe on the people, and rightly so. However, this could seem as God was simple any angry God that needed to be appeases. Instead, the people get a picture that they are breaking the Lord’s heart as Gomer broke Hosea’s. God calls out at the end of the book urging his people to turn back to him saying “O Israel, stay away from idols! I am the one who answers your prayers and cares for you. I am like a tree that is always green; all your fruit comes from me.” (14:8) It is a book about God’s tender love and mercy for his people. 

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

The book of Hosea presents a very passionate, father hearted God that perhaps has not been seen in such depth before Hosea’s imagine of it. In 11:3 we get this incredible image as the Lord says “I myself taught Israel how to walk, leading him along by the hand. But he doesn’t know or even care that it was I who took care of him.” And again, we are able to see into the Lord’s heart as he says “Oh how can I give you up, Israel? How can I let you go?” (11:8). His heart is broken for his people! Yet in the same way, even though his heart is broken, He offers redemption to his people. He wants to bring these prostitute people back to himself. (2:14-15)

3. Point of Passion

I’m just so floored at reading this book and looking at the life of Hosea. But I wonder what it means for the family. So many families today fall into adultery and the second it happens, we turn to divorce. In fact, we consider that the right thing to do, even in the church. But looking at this, I wonder. If husbands were really to love their wives as Christ loved the church, he loved the church even through the times she turns from him. She is always invited back. And this goes both ways with husbands that stray as well. It’s just definitely something to think about. Jesus talks about no limit to forgiveness. So where does this fall in adultery in marriage. 

Perhaps the most important point to pick out of Hosea for family and marriage however, is to not stray into adultery. 

Nahum

Nahum Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

Although written in words to the Assyrians, the book of Nahum (titled after it’s author) is actually for the people of Israel to remind them that wicked and evil ways will be punished. The people of Nineveh turned from their ways at the warning of Jonah, but it didn’t last. Now the people of Judah, under the wicked king Manasseh, are being told that evil is always repaid with judgement. They seen Nineveh as an example for the destruction of the Lord is great. “What sorrow awaits Nineveh, the city of murders and lies!” (3:1) “There is no healing, injury is fatal. All who hear of your destruction will clap their hands in joy.” (3:19)

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

Nahum portrays God’s justice and the destruction that comes upon those who are evil in the eyes of the Lord. Through this book, we know without a doubt that we do not want the Lord as our enemy. “Who can stand before his fierce anger? Who can survive his burning fury? His rage blazes forth like fire, and the mountains crumble to dust in His presence.” (1:6)

Yet in this same fury, we are still reminded that the Lord has mercy and will redeem those who follow after him. For “The Lord is good, and strong refuge when trouble comes. He is close to those who trust him.” (1:7)

The people are presented with a choice. Continue in your wicked ways and find destruction like the people of Nineveh. Or stand in the favor of the Lord and let him be your fortress. 

3. Point of Passion

As intense as this book is in reality, this mentality can certainly be used as parents. We must instill in our children that there is always a choice. God loves you and wants to be your protector, your strong tower. But if you choose to walk the path of the wicked, there will be judgement for he is a just God. In the same way that Nahum spoke to the people of Judah by using Assyria as an example, we can use examples that we find in every day life to get o their level as well.

Jonah

Jonah Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

Jonah is most likely autobiographical and took place during the reign of Jeroboem II over Israel. It is important as a reader to understand the Assyrians during this time. They were known to be the most gruesome, vicious, war based society of the time. Everything was based around war, and Nineveh was their capital. These are the people that Jonah was supposed to declare judgement on. Yikes. 

Through the book of Jonah, we see that God wants to have grace and mercy on even the most sinful people of the age. God’s compassion breaks through even Jonah’s prejudice. God’s words in 4:11 show his heart even for those that we would never expect to deserve it. 

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

God breaks through the misguided concept of other religions in the time that stated that all the gods are territorial. Instead, we learn that the one true God is God no matter where you go. Jonah tried to run away and escape to where the Lord couldn’t find him, but he was with him even in the belly of a fish (2:6-7). In the same way, God can take every one of our mistakes, intentional or not, and use it for the good of his people. Jonah ran away, and although it almost meant death for the people on that ship, they actually vowed to serve him and turned their ways (1:15-16). 

We see that God is not only a God of foreigners, but wants redemption for even those that we see as too far gone. He cares for all people and desires to bring them back to himself. It’s for this reason that he has mercy on Jonah, even after he tries to run away, and proclaims his message of forgiveness over Nineveh (3:10).

3. Application

It’s so funny how often we hear the story of Jonah, yet no one really discusses what happens at the end with the leafy plant (Chapter 4). But this definitely struck home for me. How often do we get blessed with something so incredible that we should deserve. Yet when it’s taken from us, we rush into “entitlement” mode and get mad at God for taking it away. Think of finances for instance. I struggle with this so much. I don’t want to give nearly $20,000 that I’ve worked hard to earn and raise over to 6 months. That’s so hard to deal with. But I have to come to terms with the fact that the money was never mine to begin with. Even the money I earned with my own time and effort was gained only because the Lord gave me the capabilities to earn it. This was humbling passage to read. I relate to Jonah. I feel like he fought God and ran from God and was selfish and had wrong perspectives. I feel like this rather often. But God still used Jonah to change the face of a nation. 

Joel

Joel Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

Joel was written for the people of Judah possibly while they were in exile or even just after. There were no kings mentioned in the book, so there is debate on this. The people had just been under rule of wicked, pagan kings that were intense idol worshippers. But now that they were gone, Joel seized the opportunity to encourage change and turn the people’s hearts back to God. 

Joel focuses on the fact that God wants your whole heart and you cannot share His worship with idols. He is offering redemption when hearts are turned back to him. (2:12-13) Joel is a book of hope for the people because even in the midst of idol worship, he wants ultimately wants to redeem them back to himself. That is how he his people will know that He is the Lord, through his great mercy. (2:27-29)

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

We truly see God’s heart for his people through the book of Joel. Although there is judgement, Joel is a book about hope. We see in 3:9 that even in their idol worship, the Lord will go to battle for his people. “The Lord will be a refuge for his people, and strong fortress for the people of Israel.” (3:16). In the same way, we see the Lord’s plan for redemption in the promise of a remnant. He says in 3:20 “But Judah will be filled with people forever, and Jerusalem will endure through all generations.” He will not let the judgement be the end of his chosen. 

Amos

Amos Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book.

We are told in great detail in 1:1 that Amos prophesied during the time when Uzziah was reigning over Judah and Jeroboem II over Israel. This is one of the two prophetic books that prophesied directly to Israel. They were in a time of wealth and prosperity and were falling into depths of greed and pleasure seeking. Amos was a shepherd from Judah and spoke very sternly about the downfall that would come through their greed and the injustice placed on the poor of Israel. There is great emphasis on the poor and needy and we get a chance to see the Lord’s own heart for these people (5:10-13). 

While Amos is prophesying about destruction to come, we see that this is not without warning. In 3:7, the narrator tells us that “Indeed, the Sovereign Lord never does anything until he reveals his plan to his servant the prophets.” He even brought famine to the land (4:6) in order to bring his people back. Yet they would not listen. The destruction to which he speaks is severe, yet this is not without hope. After many chapters of woe and warning, but not without a glimmer of hope towards the end ( 9:11-15). He leaves a remnant (9:8) in order to reestablish his people. 

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

Through the book of Amos, we get a clear view of God’s heart for the poor and needy in our world. He speaks to harshly against injustice in this time period. He even says in response to these issues “there will be crying in the public squares and mourning in the public streets... There will be wailing in every vineyard for I will destroy them all.” (5:16-17) God is there to fight for his downtrodden people and the oppression of the poor. 

In the same way, we can see God’s longing for redemption even in his judgment and wrath. In the middle of the Lord’s description of the destruction he will bring, we still see him offer redemption. “Come back to me and live! Don’t worship the pagan alters... (5:4)” He promises hope and a remnant to carry on his purpose. “I will destroy [Israel} from the face of the earth. But I will never completely destroy the family of Israel.” Even in his judgement, he wants redemption. 

3. Application

Amos 5:21-24 “I hate all your show and pretense- the hypocrisy of your religious festivals and solemn assemblies. I will not accept your burnt offerings and grain offerings. I won’t even notice all those choice peace offerings. Away with your noisy hymns and praise! I will not listen to the music of your harps. Instead, I want to see a mighty flood of justice and an endless river of righteous living.”

This struck me. I don’t know if it’s because it reminds me of the Jon Foreman song or if it’s because God’s trying to tell me something specific, but it definitely stood out. It’s so interesting reading Amos and seeing the similarities between their time and our country. I feel like this verse is very much applicable to the church in America. So many go to church in order to get something out of it for themselves. Thats the entire mentality of the western church, that’s why there are so many church hoppers. But father help me to not let this be my heart cry. You look at the heart and if our heart is right and along side of yours, it will certainly cry for justice and against the oppression of the poor. Help me to step away and maybe encourage others to step away from the “what can the church give me” mentality. 

Isaiah

Isaiah Homework

1. Write one paragraph explaining the historical background and purpose of the book

In Isaiah 1:1, we’re told that this book is written by Isaiah the prophet (although this is debated by some) and took place during the reign of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah over Judah. During this time, the people were under many attacks from outside nations. The people were in sin and were continuing on their downward slope. In fact, we know that at this time, Judah had already fallen to the Assyrians, but were allowed to remain a nation and pay tribute to the king of Assyria. This was somewhat of a transition time between paying tribute to Assyria and being exiled into Babylon. 

Isaiah is speaking to the people of both judgement and redemption. We see this even in the chronology of the book as the first half is woes and judgments against nations and the back half promises hope. Isaiah even prophesies about Cyrus, giving the people very detailed hope for the future (Isaiah 45:1-8). God always leaves a remnant for his people, even in what seems to be the worst destruction imaginable. 

Isaiah is written as a warning of the fall that is on its way, as well as informing them of the cause of their destruction. Yet in this, there is a promise of redemption. The people are already under many prophesies that they have heard before and they’ve already seen Israel fall. They know that prophesies are fulfilled. So now they have prophesies to look forward to. Isaiah is challenging the people to know the prophesies and to walk forward in them.

2. What does this book show of the Character and Nature of God as well as His plan for redemption?

“I am the Lord and there is no other.” (Isaiah 44:8) This is read over and over through the book of Isaiah. God is sovereign and he will not stand for any other in his place. “To whom can you compare God? What image can you find to resemble him?” (Isaiah 40:18) he says. “To whom will you compare me? Who is my equal?” (Isaiah 40:25). “ I am the Lord: that is my name! I will not give my glory to anyone else, nor share my praise with carved idols!” (Isaiah 42:8) God is just and fights for the poor and oppressed. He is in control. Yet even in this great power and might, he is merciful and loyal to his people. (Isaiah 43-44)

Almost the entire book of Isaiah is God’s plan for redemption. We’ve been putting ourselves in the shoes of the Israelites for a month now. We’ve walked with them through the promise to Abraham, the exodus from Egypt, the beginning of the kings. But for the first time we’ve seen so far, we get a clear and perfect picture of a Messiah to come (Isaiah 7:13-17) . This is huge! There is prophesy after prophesy of the hope that is to come from the Redeemer. It is a glorious moment and something to look to and walk in. God is bringing hope and peace and comfort and power through the coming Messiah. (Isaiah 53, 9:6-7, Isaiah 11:1-5)

3. Application

I absolutely loved reading Isaiah. I feel like I’ve been on this journey with the Israelites for so long. I walked with them through every downfall and watched as they turned from the Lord. They are simply unable to keep the law. But through it all we see the Lord who SO longs to dwell among them! It is just heart wrenching. But then we get to this moment and we just see hope! In reading this, I really had moments that made me want to cry. God you’re so good to provide a way and it’s coming!

Father let me never forget my excitement over this promise! Let me always remember my need for the Messiah just as your people. Help me to keep this joy in my life always and look to the hope that I have coming!